# First group isomorphism theorem

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Properties First isomorphism theorem [ilmath]\begin{xy}\xymatrix{A \ar[r]^\varphi \ar[d]_{\pi} & B \\ A/\text{Ker}(\varphi) \ar@{.>}[r]^-{\theta}& \text{Im}(\varphi) \ar@{^{(}->}[u]^i }\end{xy}[/ilmath]Where [ilmath]\theta[/ilmath] is an isomorphism. something

## Statement

Let [ilmath](G,*)[/ilmath] and [ilmath](H,*)[/ilmath] be groups. Let [ilmath]\varphi:G\rightarrow H[/ilmath] be a group homomorphism, then[1]:

• [ilmath]G/\text{Ker}(\varphi)\cong\text{Im}(\varphi)[/ilmath]
• Explicitly we may state this as: there exists a group isomorphism between [ilmath]G/\text{Ker}(\varphi)[/ilmath] and [ilmath]\text{Im}(\varphi)[/ilmath].

Note: the special case of [ilmath]\varphi[/ilmath] being surjective, then [ilmath]\text{Im}(\varphi)=H[/ilmath], so we see [ilmath]G/\text{Ker}(\varphi)\cong H[/ilmath]

## Useful corollaries

1. An injective group homomorphism means the group is isomorphic to its image
2. A surjective group homomorphism means the target is isomorphic to the quotient of the domain and the kernel